1894 – State Enterprise Samara Plant Progress was founded. On that day, the bicycle plant Duks was founded in Moscow. The enterprise produced bicycles, cars and snowmobiles. In the 1910s, the plant reoriented to the production of aviation equipment – airplanes and airships. th years of the former bicycle – December 16 – 43998676898 – Media platform MirTesen

This day in aviation. December 16

1894 – State Enterprise Samara Plant Progress was founded. On that day, the bicycle plant Duks was founded in Moscow. The enterprise produced bicycles, cars and snowmobiles. In the 1910s, the plant reoriented to the production of aviation equipment – airplanes and airships. For years, the former bicycle factory was named Aviation Plant No. 1.

In 1941, due to the German offensive, the plant was evacuated from Moscow and deployed in Kuibyshev. During the war, the enterprise produced Il-2 attack aircraft, and in peacetime – new MiG-9 fighters, MiG-15 jet fighters, Il-28 aircraft and Tu-16 bombers.
When the new R-7 rocket was successfully demonstrated in 1957, Aircraft Plant No. 1 and Engine Plant No. 24 were chosen for mass production of the new missiles. For 8-10 months, the plant was modernized, and the personnel were trained at OKB-1 and Plant No. 88 in Moscow. On February 17, 1959, the first R-7 rocket assembled at the plant was successfully launched from the Baikonur cosmodrome. Later, the plant manufactured rockets and spacecraft developed by OKB-1 and its Kuibyshev branch – TsSKB. With the creation of the Ministry of General Machine Building in 1965, plant No. 1 was subordinated to the 3rd department of the ministry and received the name Progress.

With the liquidation of the Ministry of General Engineering in 1991, Progress temporarily joined the Korat association. After the collapse of the USSR, the plant was registered with the Russian authorities. In 1994 Progress was transferred to the structure of the Russian Space Agency (RSA). In December 1994, the 100th anniversary of the plant was celebrated. On April 12, 1996, by decree of B.N. Yeltsin, with the merger of the Progress plant and TsSKB, the State Research and Production Rocket and Space Center TsSKB-Progress arose.

1903 – Test pilot Alexander Petrovich Chernavsky was born.

1906 – A scientist in the field of aircraft aerodynamics, design and construction of wind tunnels Anatoly Petrovich Eremenko was born. He died in Kyiv on July 13, 1970.

1910 – At the Second Aeronautical Salon in Paris, the first flight of a jet-powered aircraft (designer Henri Coanda) took place – a biplane Turbine Airplane (turbine airplane). It was not a purely jet aircraft – its compressor was driven by a conventional Clerget piston engine. Coanda's plane was unable to pull over the fence. No one was hurt, but it was the first and last flight.

1911 – The first all-metal airplane, the Tubeavion monoplane, built by the French Ponchet and Primar, is demonstrated at the third Paris Aeronautical Salon. Two machines of this type were built.

1929 – The first flight of the British rigid airship R100. The design team was led by Barnes Wallis, later known for his invention of the bouncing bomb.

1940 – Civil aviation schools were formed: Buguruslansky, Krasnokutsky and Sasovsky flight schools, Egorievsk aviation technical.

1942 – Test pilot Pyotr Mikhailovich Stefanovsky on the I-185 fighter Nikolai Nikolayevich Polikarpov with an M-71 engine of 1700 hp. reached a speed of 680 km / h.

1944 – The next German missiles A-4 (V-2), fired at Antwerp, landed one in Twee Netenstraat and the other in the crowded city cinema Rex. As a result, 74 people were killed, 79 people were injured, 24 were completely destroyed and 65 houses were badly damaged. According to other sources, 294 people were killed and 194 injured, 567 people were injured, and 11 houses were destroyed, including a cinema. The greatest losses for the entire time of the combat use of the A-4 BR.

1945 – The first flight of the serial carrier-based attack aircraft Martin AM-1 Mauler.

1947 – SKB No. 385 was created, now the State Missile Center “Design Bureau named after Academician Viktor Petrovich Makeev”. In the city of Zlatoust, at plant No. 66, a Special Design Bureau for Long-Range Missiles was created with laboratories and an experimental workshop. Since 1948, it was called the Special Design Bureau No. 385 (SKB-385), since 1966 – the Design Bureau of Mechanical Engineering (KBM), and in 1993 it was transformed into the State Missile Center (SRC) Design Bureau named after Academician V.P. Makeev. In 1959, the enterprise was relocated to the city of Miass. Until 1956, the enterprise was engaged in the development of the production of missiles developed by OKB-1, headed by Sergei Pavlovich Korolev, and then began the independent development of the D-2 naval missile system with the R-13 SLBM. In subsequent years, three generations of missile systems, seven basic missiles and twelve modifications were put into service with the Navy – the basis of Russia's naval strategic nuclear forces. The world's only anti-ship missile system with SLBMs has been developed. In 1962, the Design Bureau commissioned an operational-tactical complex with the R-17 missile, codenamed Scud, into service with the Ground Forces. In 1986, the RSM-54 liquid-propellant rocket was put into service, which has the highest energy-mass perfection among all strategic missiles. For the first time in the world, a radio correction was implemented in the rocket using the Earth's navigation satellites. Launch vehicles are being created at the SRC to launch salvageable aircraft, to conduct experiments in microgravity (Volna); spacecraft for launching into near-Earth orbits from submarines and from a ground-based launch complex (Shtil, Shtil-2), etc. warhead at intercontinental firing range. A solid-propellant three-stage rocket RSM-52 (R-39) with an intercontinental firing range has been created.

1952 – The crash of the Tu-2 570 mrap, KK st. Dr Grushichev V.E. The crew died.

1953 – For the first time, the prototype of a single attack aircraft received the designation SO.4050 Vautour Iia originally flew by the atar engines 101C, and subsequently – Atar 101D with a thrust of 2825 kg. It was this aircraft that was the first among Voturov received cannon weapons.

1953 – The first flight of the French double helicopter SO-1221 General. The take -off weight of the helicopter was 630 kg, the weight of an empty helicopter was 340 kg, the cruising speed was 95 km/h.

1957 – The first flight of the prototype of the landing and transport aircraft “T” No. 7900101 (An-12) with the AI-20 TVD in Irkutsk. The crew included the Hero of the Soviet Union Yakov Ilyich Vernikov (commander, test pilot LII), Georgy Ivanovich Lysenko (second pilot, transferred to the Design Bureau from the Research Institute of the GVF), the tester-test Pavel Ivanov, I.M. Morozov (Bro-Corgoli), M.G. Yurov (Bordradist), V.G. Zhilkin (Board). The flight ended after 9 minutes due to vibrations, but still it was he who was the first flight of the An-12. The AN-12 landing and transport aircraft was developed in Oleg Konstantinovich Antonov in parallel with the AN-10 passenger aircraft based on the An-8 military transport aircraft. The aircraft is intended for transporting people and goods at distances up to 6000 km. Modifications: An-12, An-12A, An-12BK, An-12P, An-12AP, An-12BP-transport aircraft. An-12BK-PPS-electronic warfare aircraft. An-12BP Cyclone is a mute-laboratory aircraft. The An-12 is a free-making, all-metal high-plan with a straight wing, on which there are four turboprop engines with four-lobed screws. The aircraft chassis has high patency, which allows it to take off from ground airfields. Loading bulky equipment is carried out through a cargo hatch with a ramp in the rear of the fuselage. The cargo cabin is leaky, equipped with an individual oxygen supply system. In it you can place 95 people or 90 wounded. The piloting and navigation equipment includes the terminal system, autopilot, the equipment of the radio engineering system of close navigation, the radio engineering system of blind planting, automatic radio compass, radio altimeter, and the intermasis navigation system. The composition of the review and glazing equipment includes a panoramic review radar station, a radio engineering aiming system for lighthouses, an optical sight, a radar defendant. Radio communications are provided by KV, VHF radio stations, aircraft conversation, and emergency radio station. On military modifications of the An-12, 2 23 23 mm caliber cannons are installed in the aft cabin to cover the rear hemisphere. Under the wings there are external suspensions for placing lighting bombs. The plane was adopted by many countries of the world. The AN-12 modification is available in China under the designation Y-8.

1957 – Transport SVVP Dornier Do.31 first made a transition from vertical take -off to horizontal flight.

1958 – The first launch of the intercontinental ballistic missile Thor (USA).

1960 – The 6th and last test launch of the intercontinental cruise missile Burya (B-350) serial No. 10-05 was carried out from the missile range at the flight test base of the GNIKI VVS (military unit 15650) in Vladimirovka. In general, the flight was successful, the rocket covered a distance of 6425 km. The flight was carried out after the decision to close the program was made.

1960 – The aircraft Douglas DC-8-11 of the American airline United Air Lines (N8013U) was flying on the route Chicago/O'Hare – New York/Idlewild (USA). There were 77 passengers and 7 crew members on board. At the same time, the crew of the Lockheed L-1049 Super Constellation of the American airline Trans World Airlines – TWA (registration plates N6907C) was flying on the Columbus – New York / La Guardia (USA) route. There were 39 passengers and 5 crew members on board.

The Super Constellation took off from Columbus at 0900, and the DC-8 took off from Chicago 11 minutes later. The planes collided at an altitude of about 5,000 feet while on approach at 10:33 near Miller Army Air Base. Super Constellation broke into three pieces, caught fire and fell. The DC-8 flew another 13.5 km and crashed into a residential area in Brooklyn. All those on the two planes and 5 people on the ground were killed.
It was found that the DC-8 crew did not comply with the air traffic control instruction that Preston should have passed no higher than 5,000 feet, and if the crew did not have time to descend to this height, then they should stand in the holding zone over Preston and continue to descend. The crew reported that they were approaching Preston, although in fact he had already passed this POD.

1965 – From the Baikonur cosmodrome, launch complex No. 67, the first launch of the R-36-Orb/SS-9 Mod 3/Scarp orbital rocket was carried out under the global missiles testing program. The warhead flew over the target in Kamchatka by 27 kilometers due to abnormal operation of the stabilization system along the yaw channel. The beginning of the LCI of a new type of weapon capable of hitting any ground objects from space. Due to the failure of the launch vehicle, the launch ended in failure.

1965 – Pioneer 6 spacecraft was launched from the Cape Canaveral cosmodrome in the United States with the help of the Delta-E launch vehicle to collect information on the solar wind, cosmic rays and the Sun's magnetic field in a geocentric orbit. In 2000, the device was still responding to signals from the Earth. Pioneer-6, Pioneer-7, Pioneer-8, Pioneer-9 are similar NASA spacecraft of the Pioneer series, launched in 1965-1969 into circumsolar orbit to study the Sun and interplanetary space. They have become some of the longest-lived spacecraft, some of which have lasted over 30 years.

1966 – The crash of the An-8 Uzbek SSR, near Chirchik, the USSR Ministry of Defense, the Air Force of the Air Defense Forces, 23 otae (Chirchik).

During the landing approach at night in poor visibility conditions, it collided with the ground with extended landing gear short of the runway and caught fire. The plane was carrying a cargo of ammunition. The flight mechanic survived with burns. 6 crew members were killed.

1970 – At the International Conference on Air Law in The Hague, a convention on the fight against illegal seizure of aircraft was developed and signed by representatives of 50 states.She entered into force on October 14, 1971.

1973 – Aviation disaster in the Volokolamsk district of the Moscow region of the USSR Tu-124V Aeroflot Airlines, which performed flight 2022 (Vilnius-Moscow), as a result of which 51 people died.

At 18:10 Moscow time, the Tu-124 flew out of the Vilnius airport and after the echelon was occupied by 7800 meters at 18:44 the plane flew by Vitebsk, at 18:56-the OPRS Bely, and at 19:03-the Vyazma traverse.
. At 19:10:51 in the Vnukovo RDP, as well as in the VDP of Vyazma, dispatchers heard the program from flight 2022 on VHF communications. At first, unclear conversations in the cabin were heard, after which finally at 19:11:08 the crew reported: I went into a sharp dive, I can’t stretch it out. At the same time, siren and repeatedly heard in the background: pull, pull, still pull. The plane entered the spontaneous peak and began to decline sharply at a vertical speed of 20 m/s, accelerating to 680 km/h. The crew was trained in this situation and immediately realized that the trimmer refused, which he had reported to dispatchers. The pilots leveled the plane, but then he again moved to an even more steep peak, this time already decreasing at a vertical speed of about 80 m/s and accelerated to 880 km/h. The pilots began to force the helm on themselves with force until they leveled the airliner at an altitude of about 2000 meters, and then began a set of heights, about which at 19:11:47 reported to the ground. However, soon at a speed of 370 km/h Tu-124 he moved to a cool corkscrew and, accelerating, rushed down again.
The transfer of messages from the crew stopped at 19:12:39, and after half a minute at 19:13:10 Tu-124 at a speed of about 900 km/h at an angle of more than 80 °, that is, almost vertically, flying at the rate of 60 °, crashed into A field of 480 meters east of the village of Karacharovo, Volokolamsk district of the Moscow region. As a result of a strong blow, the aircraft was completely destroyed, scattering fragments over an area of ​​140 by 190 meters and forming a funnel with a depth of 15 meters at the fall of a fall. All 5 crew members and 46 passengers on board the aircraft died. Due to the high speed during the blow, the bodies of most dead were impossible to identify.
The commission found that the catastrophe occurred due to the deviation of the trimmer of the height of the height to the dive to the limit. This happened due to the filing of a false signal to its electrical control circuit. Although the crew was trained in the piloting methodology for the refusal of the trimmer, he could not use the trimmer control mechanism. After the first diving the aircraft, the crew managed to align it. However, in the second dive, the Tu-124 also entered the roll of 50-60 °, which the crew, after the second leveling, did not notice due to the temporary failure of the devices (due to high overload) and due to the flight in the dark. With a decrease in speed to 370 km/h, a stream disruption occurred on the wings and the aircraft entered a corkscrew, from which the crew did not have time to withdraw the aircraft.
The commission also noted the high courage and self -control of the crew, which acted energetically and competently, simultaneously reporting on the situation on the Earth.

1976 -Aviation catastrophe in the Zaporizhzhya region of the Yak-40 aircraft (USSR-87638) Aeroflot airline, which killed 5 people.

A training flight, during which it was necessary to imitate the departure of the stabilizer in a set of heights after take -off. Presumably, at the speed of the flight of 240 km/h, the crew mistakenly released the chassis instead of clicks, the full production of which was recorded at a speed of 215 km/h. Further flight occurred with a decrease in speed below the value set to perform this exercise. Probably, the crew noticed a drop in speed late. At a speed of 175 km/h, the crew gave ores to increase the regime to take -off in order to increase the speed for training the starting position. Due to the fact that the production of engines from small gas to the take-off mode is 10-12 seconds, the braking continued. At a speed of 162-164 km/h, there was a breakdown of the aircraft with a sharp increase in the roll, a tan and an energetic turn of the aircraft to the left with the subsequent transition to a corkscrew. At the time of the breakdown of the alerons and the turning steering wheel were in the extreme right, the height steering wheel was completely taken to the Cabriling. This suggests that the crew tried to withdraw the aircraft from the situation. The plane with a slight angle of the pitch with the left rotation in the horizontal plane and at a vertical speed of up to 60 m/s encountered the ground and collapsed.

1977 – Factory flight tests of the Su-17M3 aircraft with shooting in the rear hemisphere have been completed.

1978 – The USSR Deltplaner Sports Federation was founded. In 1981, the 1st Championship of the USSR was held near the city of Kyzyl. In 1992, the CIS Championship was held in Alma-Ata. In modern Russia, an open championship in deltacious sports is annually held.

1979 – The first flight of the Soyuz-T ship in automatic mode. Doking with the Salyut-6 orbital station, the flight of the Salyut-6-Soyuz-T complex for 100 days, landing on March 26, 1980. The union that flew on that day was not the first such ship, but the sixth. He simply became the first famous under his own name. The first five ships (also automatic) were launched as cosmos -670, -772, -869 (these three are not yet all ups of T, but as an intermediate type of 7K -s), as well as cosmos -1001 and -1074 (these are already quite unions T, namely – type 7k -st).

1981 – The first successful ground launch of the universal strategic winged missile ZM-25 Meteorite. The rocket was created according to the Decree of the Council of Ministers of the USSR of December 9, 1976 on the development of a strategic cruise missile 3M-25 Meteorite (P-750) in the Central Design Bureau. It was a return to the idea of ​​creating the Kyrgyz Republic after the end of the 50s. The USSR and the USA refused to develop such missiles in favor of the ICBM. It was supposed to create a Kyrgyz Republic in sea, air and ground options launched from atomic submarines, strategic bombers of the Tu-95 and Tu-160 type and ground-based launchers, respectively. The rocket was considered as a fundamentally new class of strategic shock weapons, which allowed to strike at the enemy objects without entering the anti -opposition zone.The developer is NPO Mechanical Engineering, the chief designer is Vladimir Nikolaevich Vytroyy.

1983 – The chiefs of staff of the Air Force of the UK, Germany, Italy and France signed an agreement on the basic requirements for the single light fighter FEFA (Future European Fighter Aircraft), later EFA.

1994 -The first flight of the AN-70 transport aircraft with the D-27 TWVD, the test pilot of the 1st class Sergey Vasilievich Maksimov.

1997 – Constituent Conference of the Association of Business Aviation (Hell), Moscow.

1998 – The operation Fox in the desert began – the demonstrative flogging of Saddam Hussein by the forces of the American and British Air Force and the Navy.

2003 – The first test flight of the passenger aircraft ERJ -145 – the first aircraft, jointly produced by the PRC and Brazil in Harbin.

2020 – In China at 17:59 UTC, the return apparatus of the Chan-5 station (launch on 11/23/2020) with samples of lunar soil made a successful landing in the autonomous district of inner Mongolia. Search teams quickly found a landing site and evacuated the device with samples from the landing site. Fuel reserves on board the official module of the Chinese lunar mission Chan-5 allowed to extend its scientific program, now the device flies to the first point of Lagrange in the Sun-Earth.

2020 -A promising regional passenger turboprop aircraft IL-114-300 made the first flight. According to the Rostec State Corporation, the flight tests took place in Zhukovsky near Moscow and were recognized as successful.
The aircraft piloted the crew as part of the chef PJSC “Il”, Honored pilot-tester of the Russian Federation, Hero of Russia Nikolai Dmitrievich Kimov and Honored Player of the test of the Russian Federation Dmitry Alexandrovich Komarov, an on-board test engineer of the 1st grade Oleg Gryazev. In the flight, test pilots checked the operation of the IL-114-300 engines, the controllability and stability of the aircraft and the functioning of its on-board systems. IL-114-300 is a deep modernization of the IL-114 passenger aircraft that has already existed and operated since 2001. Modernization involves the installation of two TV7-117STs on aircraft of two turboprop engines with low-noise air screws, as well as new auxiliary power plant and digital pilot-navigation complex.

2021 – The offshore helicopter Mi-171A3 made the first flight. The machine is designed to perform offshore operations and maintenance of sea drilling platforms. The first flight in the hanging mode lasted 15 minutes. It went regularly, all systems demonstrated stable work. During the flight, the crew consisting of a honored tester-test of the Russian Federation of the Hero of Russia Alexander Mikhailovich Klimov and the Honored Expressor of the Russian Federation Cavalier of the Order of the Courage of Vladimir Nikolayevich Kutanin performed a series of short vertical maneuvers, as well as the reversal and movement of a helicopter in all directions at various speeds.

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